Debate format · Reference

APDA Parliamentary APDA

American Parliamentary Debate Association. Impromptu. 15 minutes prep, no internet, no evidence — just structured argument.

APDA is the U.S. college parliamentary circuit. Two teams, two debaters per team. The Government (Gov) team proposes a case under a broad motion they pick from a slate; Opposition (Opp) takes it apart. Each side gives two speeches; the closing speeches are about weighing the round, not introducing new arguments.

Every round is impromptu. You walk into the room, hear three motions, pick one, and have 15 minutes to build a case. No internet. No prepared evidence. The strongest APDA debaters carry a deep mental archive of analogies, frameworks, and historical cases that travel across topics.

Judges are flow-based. They write down every argument and check whether it survives the round. A dropped argument is a conceded argument. The team that wins the central clash, weighs it credibly, and tells the cleanest ballot story wins.

Speech structure

SpeechTimeSide
PMC Prime Minister Constructive 7 min Gov
LOC Leader of Opposition Constructive 8 min Opp
MGC Member of Government Constructive 8 min Gov
MOC Member of Opposition Constructive 8 min Opp
LOR Leader of Opposition Rebuttal 4 min Opp
PMR Prime Minister Rebuttal 5 min Gov

How judges score it

What wins this format

What loses this format

Sample motions

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